Some drivers have great results in using the hid headlights, whereas others find disadvantages to using them. Most lamps are filled with additional materials, like mercury, sodium, andor metal halides. How to handle fluorescent and highintensity discharge lamps. Chapter low pressure discharge lamps slide 2 incoherent light sources prof. The first high pressure mercury lamp, similar to the ones used today, was introduced in 1934 in the 400watt size. Part ii deals with high pressure mercury vapour discharge lamps. Highintensity discharge hid lamps are similar to fluorescents in that an arc is generated between two electrodes. In a high pressure sodium lamp, a compact arc tube contains a mixture of xenon, sodium and mercury. In terms of total quantities of plasma being continuously generated, lighting plasmas are far and away the predominant. An evaluation of pulsed radiation 225 electrical and spectral measurements carried out on high and medium pressure mercury lamps operated in pulsed current, are compared with the square wave operation for the same consumption in. An arc is established between two electrodes in a gas. Electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp having a boron sulfide fill download pdf info publication number ep0788140b1. Initial lumens the lamp s average light output after the initial 100 hours of operation.
The type of output you get from hid lights depends on the type of bulb youve selected. They offer the advantages of greater light output, higher luminous efficacy, and longer life than conventional systems using halogen lamps. The source comprises a capillary defining a first bore removably, and at least partially, mounted within an aircooled ceramic insulator. General electric, philips, osramsylvania, and venture. High pressure sodium lamps lighting associates, inc.
High intensity discharge lamps hids share a number of important qualities including high efficacy and a long life that combine to make them the most efficient light source for a wide range of different commercial and industrial applications. High intensity discharge lighting according to wikipedia, high intensity discharge hid lighting is a type of electrical gas discharge lamp that produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube. Evaluation of high intensity discharge automotive forward. High intensity discharge lamps high intensity discharge hid lamp technology these have been used for a long time in street, stadium, and factory lighting. Images of the arc attachment in the middle of the anodic and cathodic phase at the ce lamp for various frequencies, recorded by a. We manufacture high intensity mercury, xenon, mercuryxenon, krypton and xenon flashlamps.
Ep0788140b1 electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp. An additional gas is generally used, and this gas serves as an easy way to classify the major types of hid lamps. When an arc of electrical current is established between the electrodes, the metallic vapor releases. Comparison between discharge and led lighting fixtures. Analysis and design of highintensitydischarge lamp.
Advantage and drawbacks of hid headlights audiomotive. Metal halide lamps have the best combination of the above properties and are considered the most ideal light sources. Highintensity discharge lamp wikipedia republished. Because all necessary parts, assemblies and processing are produced inhouse, arc can assure quick response. Light and light sources gives an introduction to the working principles of high intensity discharge hid lamps and points out challenges and problems associated with the development and operation of hid lamps. Ballast a magnetic or electronic circuit designed to operate high intensity discharge hid lamps correctly. High pressure mercury lamps are available in versions where the discharge takes place in vaporized mercury only and in versions in which metal halides are added so. Analysis and design of highintensitydischarge lamp ballast for.
The mercury vapor raises the gas pressure and operating. Electronic operation and control of highintensity gas discharge lamps. Some include additional substances, like mercury, sodium, and metal halides, which are vaporized during startup to become part of the gas mixture. Plasmaphysics aspects of high intensity discharge lamps. High power discharge lamps and their photochemical applications. The arc in an hid source is shorter, yet it generates much more light, heat, and pressure within the arc tube. High intensity discharge hid light bulb facts hid light bulb facts high intensity discharge hid lighting is the technology where light is created from electrical current passing through metal vapor. A lossfree resistorbased versatile ballast for discharge lamps. High intensity discharge hid lamps high intensity discharge hid3 is the term commonly used for several types of lamps, including metal halide, high pressure sodium, and mercury vapor lamps. Operation in an overvoltage state increases wattage consumption and reduces the life of the ballast and lamp. Used for creating as much visible light as possible, hid high intensity discharge light bulbs are most often seen in places like gymnasiums, large retail spaces, stadiums and warehouses, but you can also see hid light bulbs utilized in street lights, automotive lights and home flood lights. Advanced radiation corporation arc is one of the leading designers and manufacturers of custom, semicustom, and production gas discharge lamps. Below are hid sources, listed in increasing order of efficacy lumens per watt.
The stateoftheart in electrode and plasma diagnostics as well as numerical methods used for the understanding of hid lamps are described. Usage of gas discharge lamps high pressure lamps high intensity discharge, or hid, lamps. The high intensity discharge lamps hid, consisting of a broad range of gas discharge lamps, are notable for their high luminous efficacy, good color rendering, and long life. Hid lighting sources include mercury vapor, low pressure sodium lps, high pressure sodium hps, and metal halide mh ballast and lamp systems. High pressure mercury lamps belong to the group of high intensity discharge hid lamps, because they are available in high lumen output and thus high luminous intensity versions. How to handle fluorescent and highintensity discharge lamps each year, florida businesses discard millions of lamps containing small amounts of mercury. Highintensity discharge hid lamps are most often found in. Gasdischarge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an electrical discharge through an ionized gas. A sodiumvapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm two varieties of such lamps exist. The highintensitydischarge lamps hid, consisting of a broad range of gas discharge lamps, are notable for their high luminous efficacy. The heat generated by the arc then vaporizes the mercury and sodium. Most farms have at least one high intensity discharge lamp hid lighting up the yard at night. High intensity discharge lamps contents 94 95 96 97 99 100 100 100 100 101 102 102 103 104 105 110 111 how to read a table ceramic discharge metal halide lamps pulse.
Pocket guide to high intensity discharge lamp ballasts. High intensity discharge hid is a broad term used to describe any lighting system using a gaseous discharge arc lamp in which the gas filled arc tube operates at several times normal atmospheric pressure compared to the near vacuum conditions in fluorescent lamps. Hid, or highintensity discharge light bulbs and lamps, are a family of gas discharge arc lamps which create light by sending an electrical discharge between two electrodes and through a plasma, or ionized gas. While it warms up, the lamp exhibits different colors as the various metal halides vaporize in the arc chamber.
High power discharge lamps and their photochemical. Kichler 15295az high intensity discharge architectural bronze. The metal halide lamp requires a warmup period of as long as five minutes depending on the lamp type. Engineering troubleshooting bulletin high intensity. Lowpressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but their yellow light restricts applications to outdoor lighting, such as street lamps, where they are widely used. Typically, such lamps use a noble gas argon, neon, krypton, and xenon or a mixture of these gases. Spectral and photopic studies for high intensity discharge. In the early 90s high intensity discharge sources were developed for vehicle forward lighting systems. Electronic pdf copies of this report are available to the public from. Watts indicates the power consumed by the lamp during operation. This was a tubular source about 4 feet long which produced light that was distinctly bluishgreen in color at a high efficacy compared with the incandescent lamps of those days.
High intensity discharge lighting technology notice department. Hewitt lamp developed by peter cooper hewitt in 1901. Hid lamps are similar to fluorescent lamps in that they are gas discharge lamps. The advantages and disadvantages of high intensity discharge lamps. The efficacy of the hps lamp is very high as much as 140 lumens per watt. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue and. Gas discharge lamps are used in virtually all areas of modern lighting technology including common fluorescent lighting for home and office and. Motor vehicle registry information bulletin v15 gas. This tube is filled with noble gas and often also contains suitable metal or metal salts.
A mercury vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that produces. Like other gas discharge lamps, these types require a special fixture and ballast for. Characteristics of ballasts are controlled by ansi standards. The family of arc discharge lamps includes fluorescent and high intensity discharge hid light. High intensity discharge hid lighting technology workshop. Highintensity discharge lamps hid lamps are a type of electrical gas discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube. Types of high intensity discharge lamps mercury vapor lamps mercury vapor lamps are widely used to light both indoor and outdoor areas such as gymnasiums, factories, department stores, banks, highways, parks, and sports. Most vehicles contain high intensity discharge hid lamps.
Product number use this number when placing an order. In hid bulbs, a tube of glass is filled with gas and has two electrodes on either side. Arc tube inner piece of quartz or ceramic material containing the electrodes, rare gas and chemicals which emit the light. A gas discharge vuv light source is disclosed having low inductance and a high intensity output covering a range from 90 a to 6000 a.
Pdf outdoor lighting sources such as high intensity discharge lamps hid are common in these days. Highintensity discharge lamps are a type of electrical gas discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or. Typically, such lamps use a noble gas argon, neon, krypton and xenon or a mixture of these gases. In highintensity discharge hid lamps, current mode control is the most.
Engineering high intensity discharge bulletin mercury lamps. Also, make sure to check the voltage at the point of connection to the electrical distribution system. V15 gas discharge light source lamps high intensity discharge hid lamps introduction the purpose of this bulletin is to assist persons wishing to fit gas discharge light source lamps or lamp assemblies to a dipped beam lowbeam circuit of a vehicle as an inservice modification. Conference on phenomena in ionized gases, greifswald, 1520 july 2003, vol. However, the mercury vapor lamp is the least efficient of hid type lamps and poses a greater environmental risk than other types such as high pressure sodium hps lamps and metal halide mh lamps. More recently, smaller sizes have become available for home yard and crime prevention applications.
Us4199703a low inductance, high intensity, gas discharge. High intensity discharge hid lighting sources are important for commercial, industrial and outdoor locations, such as high bay, parking lot and street lighting. The xenon gas which is easily ionized, facilitates striking the arc when voltage is applied across the electrodes. Hid lamps employ gas discharge rather than an incandescent filament to produce light. Product code abbreviated product description can also be used for ordering. Highintensity discharge hid lamps are similar to fluorescents in that an arc is. When hid lamps reach restrike time, the gases inside the lamp are too hot to. Gas phase emitter effect 1 hz 10 hz 100 hz 500 hz 1 khz middle of anodic phase middle of cathodic phase figure 2. High intensity discharge lamps hid lamps are a type of electrical gas discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube.
139 883 594 826 1205 1428 639 736 380 789 752 669 81 193 829 1051 493 1574 1084 1015 569 1571 764 801 1264 209 1347 934 1495 239